Amaxesha amaninzi sizibuza umbuzo wokuba kuya kubakho okanye hayi iplagi kwiinkcaso, nokuba umntu uyazi abantu abavela enkundleni kwaye inkundla "inokubanika isandla" kukhuphiswano (ukusa kwinqanaba lokufumana indawo ngaloo ndlela). Le nkxalabo ixhaphakile phakathi kwabafaki zicelo kwisikhundla sikarhulumente, kuba minyaka le kuvakala amarhe malunga nokuthand'icala kunye nezinto ezimele zibuze injongo yeenkqubo zokhetho.
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba kukho "iplagi" kwiindawo ezichasayo?
Enye yezona zinto zixhalabisayo ngabachasi kukuba ukwazi umntu osebhodini kunokuba nefuthe kuvavanyo lweemviwo. Kukho urhano lokuba inkundla inokuba ngaphezulu ububele kunye nabo banobudlelwane bangaphambili namalungu ayo.
Iinkundla zenkcaso zenzelwe ukuba zibe ngokungakhethi buso y kucace gca. Amalungu ezi nkundla akufuneki aphenjelelwe zizinto ezingaphandle kobungqina. UMthetho umisela ukuba ekuphela kwenqobo yokugweba esebenzayo yokunikwa indawo kukufaneleka kunye nobuchule obubonakaliswa ngabaviwa. Nangona kunjalo, ubunyani ngamanye amaxesha busenokungayingeni le thiyori igqibeleleyo.
Izikrokro malunga nokuzithoba kwiinkundla
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kuye kwakho izikhalazo ezininzi ezivela kubachasi malunga nokungabikho elubala kunye nokuba kunokwenzeka subjectivities kwizilungiso zeemviwo. Ngokwenqaku elipapashwe kwi El Confidencial, enye yeengxaki ezinkulu ilele kwi iimvavanyo zomlomo, inikwe ukuba inkundla inomda omkhulu wokuqonda ekuvavanyweni kobu bungqina, okwenza ukuba imilinganiselo yayo ibe nzima ukuchasana kwaye, ngoko ke, ifikeleleke ngakumbi ekutolikeni.
Ugxininiso lubekwe kwinto yokuba i iimviwo zomlomo Azisoloko zibonakaliswa kwiirekhodi okanye kumaxwebhu abonakalayo anokuphicothwa, njengoko kuchaziwe kwinqaku. Oku kudala imeko apho abachasi, ukuba bakholelwa ukuba baye bavavanywa ngokungafanelekanga, bengenandlela yokubonisa ubungqina. Le meko iye yavula ithuba lokurhanelwa ngokukhetha okanye urhwaphilizo.
Ifuthe lengqiqo kuvavanyo lweemviwo
Ingqiqo yobugcisa ichazwa njenge inkululeko iinkundla ezinayo yokuvavanya ngokweenqobo zobuchule zazo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo uthotho lweenkalo abacinga ukuba zifanelekile. Nangona ixhaswa yimimiselo yokhuphiswano, amazwi amaninzi agxeka lo mkhuba ngenxa yokuba kunokukhokelela kuvavanyo olungalinganiyo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, iziphumo ezingalunganga.
Umzekelo ocacileyo wale ngxaki uvezwa ngu ILa Voz de Galicia, epapasha indlela iimviwo ezifanayo ezilungiswe ngayo ngamabhodi ahlukeneyo anokunika amabakala ahlukeneyo. Oku kudala ukunqongophala ihomogeneity kwinkqubo kwaye kudala imeko yokungathembani phakathi kwabachasi. Kumzekelo ogqwesileyo, kuye kwabhalwa ukuba enye inkundla yamkele ipesenti ephezulu yabaviwa kunenye phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo.
Ukungabikho elubala kunye nokungafihli kwenkqubo
Esinye sezikhalazo ezingaguqukiyo ngokuchasene nenkqubo yenkcaso yi ukungabikho kokungabonakali. Nangona imimiselo iyalela ukuba abaviwa banokucela ukuphononongwa kweemviwo zabo, ngokwesiqhelo, uphononongo alusoloko luphelele.
En Arainfo, Umanyano CGT ubonisa ukuba abachasi abaninzi baye bakhalazela ukungakwazi ukufikelela iimviwo zabo ukuze baphonononge ngokufanelekileyo kwinkqubo amabango. Amaxesha amaninzi, iinkundla zisikelwa umda ekwenzeni izilungiso ezingeyomfuneko, ngaphandle kokunika ingcaciso eneenkcukacha ngempazamo nganye okanye isizathu esisemva kwebakala eliphantsi.
Inkqubo iye icace ngakumbi xa iinqobo zovavanyo zingenziwanga esidlangalaleni kwangethuba, oko kudala ukungaqiniseki okukhulu phakathi kwabaviwa. Ngaphezu koko, amalungu enkundla ngokwawo asenokungavumelani ngendlela yokusebenzisa imigaqo, nto leyo eyongeza elinye inqanaba lokuzithoba kuvavanyo.
Into yethamsanqa kwiinkcaso
Enye into echaphazela i-subjectivity luck factor. Nangona iimviwo ezikhuphisanayo ziyilelwe ukuba zivavanywe ngokufanelekileyo, iqondo lobunzima beemviwo okanye imbono amalungu enkundla yamatyala anayo ngomviwa isenokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumhla, imo okanye izinto ezilindelekileyo malunga nendlela umviwa afanele ngayo. ukwenza uvavanyo.
Ngamazwi e Belén Romero Galan, ilungu lenkundla kukhuphiswano lweeLwimi zaseAndalusi, inkundla ine impembelelo eqinisekileyo kwikamva labenzi-sicelo. Ichaza indlela iirubrikhi kunye neendlela zokwahluka kwenkundla enye, ezichaphazela ngqo iziphumo zabaviwa, nto leyo eyenza ukungaqiniseki ngakumbi kwaye, ngoko ke, yongeza uvalo kwinkqubo esele inzima nenzima.
Iziphakamiso zokuphucula ukungathathi cala kwiinkcaso
Ukuchasana nezi ngxaki, iingcali kunye neemanyano zabasebenzi bacebise izisombululo ezininzi:
- Ukurekhodwa kweemviwo zomlomo: Esinye sezona ziphakamiso ziphindaphindiweyo luxanduva lokurekhoda iimviwo zomlomo ukuqinisekisa ukungafihli ngakumbi kunye nokuvumela uphononongo olungqongqo ngakumbi lweemvavanyo. Oku kuya kunciphisa umda we-subjectivity kwaye kunikeze abachasi esinye isixhobo esinye sokukhusela umsebenzi wabo kwimeko yebango.
- Indlela yovavanyo echazwe kwangaphambili: Ukunciphisa ingqiqo yeenkundla, kucetywa ukuba imigaqo yovavanyo yenziwe esidlangalaleni phambi kokuba kuqhutywe iimviwo, nto leyo eya kunyanzela amalungu enkundla ukuba ayivavanye ngendlela ehambelanayo kunye nokunciphisa iyantlukwano phakathi kweenkundla.
- Iinkundla ezikhethekileyo: Ukuseka iinkundla zamatyala namalungu angamavolontiya okanye akhethekileyo ekumakisheni iimviwo ezikhuphisanayo kuphela, endaweni yokunika ootitshala abakhutheleyo lo msebenzi, oko kuya kunceda ekunciphiseni umthwalo weenkundla kwaye kuvumele ukwenziwa komsebenzi ngokuchubekileyo.
- Uphononongo lwangaphandle lweemviwo: Okokugqibela, ukuba nokwenzeka kokuba iimviwo ziphinde ziqwalaselwe ziinkundla ngaphandle kwaleyo beziphonononga ekuqaleni, njengoko sele kusenziwa kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, kuya kuvumela ukuqinisekiswa kabini kwaye kuphephe iimpazamo ezinokwenzeka zovavanyo.
Ukubandakanywa kwezi zindululo, nangona kungayi kuphelisa ngokupheleleyo ingxaki yokuzithoba, kuya kuphucula kakhulu ngokungafihli kunye ingqwalaselo yenkqubo, inceda abachasi kunye namalungu enkundla ngokwabo.
Inkqubo yenkcaso yindlela enzima kubafaki-zicelo abaninzi. Ukuphumelela iimviwo kufuna ulwazi kuphela, kodwa ukujongana nenyani apho ukuzithoba kweenkundla kunye nezinye izinto zangaphandle zinokuchaphazela umphumo wokugqibela. Nangona amanyathelo ethathiwe ngendlela echanekileyo, kubalulekile ukuba kuqhubeke kusetyenziswa amanyathelo aqinisekisa amathuba alinganayo kunye nokungafihli kwinkqubo yonke.