Izakhono zokuqonda luluhlu lwezakhono abanazo abantu xa kufikwa ekufumaneni ulwazi oluthile. Ezi zakhono zibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwengqwalaselo, inkumbulo, ubuchule bokucinga, kunye nokucinga okungafunekiyo. Ukucinga komntu kudibanisa uthotho lwezenzo okanye iinkqubo ezinje ngokubanjwa kunye nokutolikwa kwesikhuthazo esithile, ukugcinwa kwazo kwimemori nakwimpendulo elandelayo.
Izakhono zokuqonda zinxulumene ngqo nobukrelekrele, ukufunda kunye nokukhula komntu. Zibalulekile xa kuziwa ekuqinisekiseni ukuba umntu ekuthethwa ngaye uyakwazi ukukhula ngengqondo nangokuqonda kwaye ukuze akwazi ukujongana nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo evelayo ebomini bakhe.
Zingaqokelelwa njani iZakhono zokuqonda
Izakhono zokuqonda zinokuhlelwa ngokwamacandelo amane ahluke kakuhle:
- Inxalenye yokuqala inengqikelelo yesiganeko esithile. Umntu unesakhono sokujonga ngokweenkcukacha iziphumo ezizayo zokuthatha isenzo esithile. Ukuba iziphumo azikhange zilindelwe, umntu angayeka nangaliphi na ixesha ekwenzeni isenzo esichaziweyo. Ukubona kwangaphambili kubalulekile kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze umntu akwazi ukuhlala kunye ngaphandle kwengxaki kuluntu.
- Inxalenye yesibini yaziwa njengokucwangcisa kwaye ayikho enye into ngaphandle kokubanakho komntu ukubona kwangaphambili iziphumo ezizayo ezivela kwizenzo ezithathiweyo. Obu buchule kubalulekile ukuseta uthotho lweenjongo ebomini.
- Uvavanyo luyinxalenye yesithathu kubuchule bokuqonda. Imalunga nokukwazi komntu ukubanakho ukuhlalutya isenzo esithile nokuba uza kusilungisa okanye hayi ukuze afikelele kwinqanaba elifunwayo.
- Ukuqanjwa yinxalenye yokugqibela yezakhono kwaye kubandakanya ukubheka uluhlu lwezinye iindlela zokufezekisa iinjongo ezibekiweyo okanye ezibekiweyo. Umntu uthatha amava adlulileyo kwaye ukusuka apho wenza izinto ukufikelela kwiinjongo ebomini bakhe.
Iiklasi zezakhono zokuqonda
Kukho iindidi ezimbini okanye iintlobo zamakhono okuqonda:
Ezokuqala zizakhono zokuqonda ezinje kwaye zezo zivumela umntu ukuba acacise ulwazi. Ezi zakhono zezi zilandelayo:
- Ukukwazi ukukhonza okanye ufake iinkcukacha ezithile.
- Ukuqonda okanye amandla okuqonda oko kubanjiweyo.
- Ukucaciswa kwempendulo ethile ngaphambi kokubonwayo.
- Ukukhumbula ngentloko oko bekuphilwa ukusebenza njengesiseko samava exesha elizayo.
Izakhono zeMetacognitive luhlobo lwesibini lwezakhono zokuqonda ezikhoyo kwaye Bayamvumela umntu ukuba alawule, azi kwaye alawule iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuqonda. Ayikho enye into ngaphandle kokukwazi ukufunda.
Imizekelo yezakhono zokuqonda okanye izakhono
Emva koko siza kukubonisa eminye imizekelo yamakhono okuqonda:
- Isakhono sokusebenzisa ulwimi kukukwazi komntu ukuphatha ulwimi ngaphandle kwengxaki. Ingabandakanya igrama, isichazamazwi, okanye i-syntax.
- Umthamo wokuqwalaselwa uqukethe ukubonwa okungaphezulu kokunokubonwa ngabanye abantu. Ibandakanya izinto ezinje ngoxinzelelo okanye isantya xa uphendula umbuzo othile.
- Isikhundla sokukhutshwa asinto yimbi ngaphandle kokukwazi komntu ukutolika iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo kwingqondo kunye ziguqulele kwiinkqubo ezilula kunye nekhonkrithi. Le yimeko yokucinga okanye ukuqiqa ngemathematika.
- Amandla okutsala okanye amandla omntu ukuze akwazi ukubala iimeko ezahlukeneyo. Inokuba yimeko yokuqiqa ngokufanelekileyo okanye okunomdla.
Ngamafutshane, Ubuchule bokuqonda bubuchule kunye namandla engqondo okufuneka abantu bakwazi ukuqonda ilizwe elibangqongileyo. Ezi zakhono ziphambili xa kuziwa ekusetyenzisweni kwesikhuthazo esahlukileyo esinxulumene nemizwa emihlanu efana nokubona, ukuva, ukujoja, incasa kunye nokuchukumisa. Iseti yezakhono ezinjalo zenza amandla okuqonda anabantu. Izakhono zokuqonda zifundisa ukufunda nokucinga, ngale ndlela sinobunyani bento esiyifundayo kunye neyona ndlela yokuyiphucula nokuyisebenzisa.